( History Notes )
"The Story of St. Lasair's Holy Well..." "The Kingston Evictions"

"Lasair" by Pat Gralton :
This article, by Pat Gralton, is taken from the Rededication Booklet of the Church of Our Lady, Keadue, County Roscommon:
( 1981 )
"I thought that the two people who slid out of the big cream car had come to admire the progress we were making at the church in Keadue. Where would a man get Saint Lasair's clay around here" was the man's salute to us in a strong Donegal accent.
"He and his wife showed little interest in the big task we had undertaken but both were very interested in Lasair. They told us that emigrants from their homes used to bring Lasair's clay with them on their journeys to Scotland and America. -->
  Pat Gralton

Their old folk often told them that once a Donegal woman threw some of this blessed clay on raging waves and that the ocean became calm."
"This same story we too were told by our old folk in Kilronan. When we were children we heard how Lasair had blessed the clay.
A badly wounded soldier who had barely survived a battle came to Saint Lasair one day and asked her to cure him. She blessed the clay under the cliff, rubbed it on the soldier's wounds and made him well. Then she declared that anyone who used this clay would be cured of any disease he might have. Twelve hundred years after that promise I filled a little box of clay for those two Donegal people which I took from beneath the rock on the hill opposite the blessed well."

"On the Sunday within the octave of September 8th, a great crowd will gather for Mass at the well. Some will do the station on their own and all will have dispersed within an hour and a half. Seventy years ago it was different. Pattern Day was a big day in Kilronan and in the parishes around. "You'll be at Lasair's " was as common a comment as remarking on the hay that had not yet been gathered. When a child ran a message how often he was promised:
"I'll have a ha'penny for you for Lasair". On that Sunday the `narrow -gauge railway ran an excursion train from Ballinamore to Arigna. Along the mountain side, from early morning, crowds scurried down the `short-cut' from Drumkieran, Arigna and Glan. People who had married outside the parish came back home on Pattern Day. That left a busy day in some houses as a goose was cooked for the big dinner. And the horses which had come a long road were not neglected - stables had been cleaned and a generous supply of oats and water were left in. From Keadue to Lasair the road was choc-a-bloc with people, side cars, traps and carts.
Along the wall were the stalls, or stanins as we called them.
Here can-sweets and currant-biscuits, ginger-bread and sugar-stick, liquorice and Peggy's Leg were bought. In earlier days great cauldrons stood along the wall where their owners cooked and sold fish. For the alcoholic drink people had to go to Keadue where the public houses were thronged until they were inspected by the police. Back in the field above the graveyard the Arigna Pipers and the Keadue Fife and Drum Bands played through the day.
Of the members of those bands the most famous was the Arigna drummer, Thomassie Cullen.

Lasair day was a day of jollity and of some prayer. It had other characteristics too. "I'll see you at Lasair" had its acquired meaning for the local community. Pattern Day had its fights. Differences through the year might be 'settled' there in the hollow on the road that led to Mollymore. And Lasair had its faction fights. Each year the families of the McManus and the Gaffney clans fought each other with loaded sticks. The McManus family were the old Kilronan family while the Gaffney family came to settle in the parish when they and the defeated northmen made their way home from the battle of Kinsale. To the cry of : "While Lasair is in Kilronan the Gaffneys will hold sway" the annual fight began.
This fight won for itself wide notoriety. One Pattern Day Bishop O'Higgins arrived from Longford. He sent for two carts and sledges to Kilronan Castle. There in front of the astonished crowds he had Leac Ronain broken in two pieces. One part of the stone was taken and brought over towards Ballyfarnon and it has never been found.
The other half was brought towards Keadue and thrown in the ditch. Many years later this part was retrieved by the late Paddy Duignan and set up at the well. It was on this `leac', the reputed alter of Saint Ronan, that Cannon Lennon said Mass. Lasair was kind to the two families on at least one occasion . In the year 1798 both families tried to join the French army as Irish rebels.
They made their way to the bridge cross the Shannon at Ballintra. Here, they found an army speaking a strange language which they thought was French. Some of the "Kilronan rebels" realised that if they continued to Granard they would miss the fight at Lasair on Lady Day. They judged that family honour came before the national cause and so they came back and fought at Lasair and escaped the slaughter of the Irish at Balinatra & Ballinamuck, because, in actual fact the "French Army" was a Hungarian mercenary army employed by the English. These Hungarians "welcomed" the 400 Irish into their camp and then slaughtered the entire 400 on the banks of the Shannon at Ballinatra, where the sluices are now."

Even when the faction fights came to an end not everyone agreed with the celebrations and the devotion at Lasair. For years it was subjected to the scorn and the biting ridicule of the parish priest, Canon Meehan. From the pulpit the people heard of strange happenings on "my holy mountain and its capital, Lasair".
Father Meehan told of the fictitious "Paddy and Biddy from Breedogue. They slug the water and then Paddy looks for a rag to hang on the bush and his trousers nothing but rags". To Lasair too came the `Ballinamore bullocks and the Crosna cranes'. Like other Irish holy wells Lasair had its tree on which pilgrims put rags. Canon Meehan had this tree cut and thrown into the adjoining lake. Despite the constant ridicule, he must have felt that he was losing the battle against Lasair because one Sunday he advised his congregation in Keadue:
"If you come to court, court! If you come to pray, pray! But for God's sake don't mix them!".
Dean Kelly replaced Canon Meehan. The Dean was a native of the parish, knew its history and was proud of it.
He revived the pilgrimage with a procession from Keadue Church to the well where the people made the station together. My abiding memory of him is of his leading that procession in his later years with his head erect and his slowing steps helped along by his sturdy blackthorn stick.
It was in his last year with us, and he wondering would he be able to walk to Lasair, that Father O'Brien, then curate at Ballyfarnon, suggested that Mass be said at the well that year. Canon Lennon continued the custom which is being carried on down to the present day.
"Lasair has survived. Twelve hundred years could not dim her memory among the descendants of those who lived by Inis Mhor Maothla when she chose to live there with her father, Saint Ronan. May we, with all who honoured her over the years, meet her at heaven's pattern."

THE END

 

 

 

 

 

"The Kingston Evictions" by Dr. Hugh Gibbons :
The decade 1880 to 1890 saw the completion of the building of two Churches in the Parish of Kilronan -
the Parish Church at Keadue and the community built Church of Ballyfarnon. It was also a decade of hardship and poverty for many of Kilronan's parishioners. Agricultural prices were bad and as a result many tenants found that they were unable to pay their rents to Lord Kingston. He was Landlord of the Kilronan Estate which covered a very large part of the present parish. These rents had recently been increased in spit of reduced incomes for most tenants.


Photograph of Doctor Hugh Gibbons.
About this time Jack Tatlow had become the agent of Kilronan Estates. At first he encouraged the tenants to improve their holdings. Subsequently, he increased their rents. In some cases the rents were trebled.. With falling incomes the tenants considered this most unjust and they refused to pay the rents demanded.
Lord Kingston and his agent threatened to evict all those who did not pay. Eventually evictions took place in 1875 and early 1876.
The tenants had the support of the Irish Land league and the
"No Rent" campaign."
In April 1886 the proposed future evictions were suspended and the families were allowed to remain as caretakers.
A very big public meeting was held in Keadue village which was addressed by Fr. Reddy P.P. of Kilronan Parish, Fr. Quinn C.C. Arigna, Mr Wilfred Blunt an English landowner and Conservative M.P. who took a special interest in the Kilronan evictions and the struggle for the land then raging throughout the country. For his interest this Mr. Blunt was later imprisoned in Galway. When he spoke in Keadue he promised to support the people in their
"No Vote" campaign and stated that they were justified in their resistance.
Within a short time eighteen more families were evicted in the Lough Allen area. One household consisted of a father, a son, the son's wife and two children. They had six acres of miserable rushy land, rent £.50, a clay house worth £40, other property which consisted of one cow, one donkey, a small stack of hay worth £2, furniture £3 and two bags of potatoes. He would not sell his tenant interest saying " The hare remains where she was born until she is hunted out by the hounds."Another tenant had a selection of ancient Latin classics among his meagre property.
During July 1886 eight more families were evicted in the Lough Allen and cornagee areas. These were Thomas Lynch, Patrick Redican, Thomas MacPartland, James Rynn, John MacGuire, Lackey Beirne, Bryan Scanlon and Mary Cassidy. This batch of evictions was completed in August.
A further meeting took place in Keadue in November 1886.
This was addressed by Fr. Reddy P.P., William Smith O'Brien, M.P., and Jasper Tully. Nevertheless, further evictions took place during December 1886.. The Winter and the coming Christmas made no difference. In February 1887 it was announced that forty further evictions would take place.
The tenants were prepared to pay a reasonable rent. They lodged the amount they were prepared to pay in a bank account. A record of the time says :-"Jack Tatlow sat alone in his glory in his den where he used to receive the people's tribute while the tenantry had an office of their own over the way".
To carry out the evictions some 200 to 300 policemen were assembled in the area each time. The approach of the bailiffs and police was announced by the blowing of horns in the valley.
Every man was thus called on to cease work and go immediately to the eviction site.
Support was not one hundred per cent. There were those who acted as grabbers who took over the evicted land at a low price. Some were emergency men who were recruited by Tatlow in the locality.
There were others who provided lodgings and food for the policemen and for those who were boycotted for aiding the evictions.
These people were condemned and denounced by the Land League.
Fr. Reddy and Wilfred Blunt saw to it that that the whole eviction affair got plenty of publicity and was also debated in the House of Commons in England.
The first ray of hope and justice came for the tenants with a decision by the sub-commissioners to reduce the rents from £11 to £6 in one case and in another from £6 to £4. These cases became the precedents for further settlements. It did not solve the problem completely but it was a start. Tenants were also helped a little by collections which were made throughout the country. It did not meet all the needs but it was a help. The situation remained volatile until after the Land Acts of the following years gave tenants
" Fair Rent, Fixity of Tenure and Free Sale". This became the basis for the "Freehold Land" in Rural Ireland . Eventually, the Landlord system died away and Ireland became one of the few countries where a farmer could own his own land.

"More Articles can be added to this section in time".
E-mail them to me
( MJJMayo ) or ( Fr Sean Tynan ).

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